sustainable choices

COSYCO. The love bubble project. by megan norgate

The handsome solid red brick Californian In Coburg in Melbourne’s North was inward looking with a shabby asbestos-clad lean-to extension closing it off from the garden. The clients, Sarah and Ben love living and eating outside so wanted to improve the connection to the garden and carve out a space for sheltered outdoor dining. They imagined a laundry for muddy gumboots and glass jars full of cuttings, a kitchen that can work hard, looking equally good when in chaos or clean and tidy.

The clients wanted a home bathed in sunlight; a space that felt generous, retaining the lofty spaciousness of the existing period home. A home for a family to grow with spaces that allow for separation and connection. A home that allows the family to be within reach, sight lines to children whilst allowing autonomy. Rooms for the family to retreat to and a guest room for out-of-town relatives to stay.

The interiors are the antithesis of a soulless display home. We worked to make them warm and lived in and welcome existing treasures passed on through the generations. Sarah and Ben’s house existing home was joyously curated with a mishmash of old and handmade, each item much loved and with a story attached and we wove this idea into the new spaces.

The challenge was to cohesively blend the charm of the existing heritage home with the contemporary extension. The rear layout of the house was flipped so that the kitchen/living/dining all interfaced the garden. Balancing the client’s desire for connection and privacy. This project was a dream collaboration where the Architect, Interior Designer, Client and builder all worked together to carve out a form and, together slowly honed each detail to create a whole.

In the kitchen the beautiful benchtops, like a river bed of polished stones, informs the palette of the kitchen. Warm, earthy colours with subtle textures effortlessly hide the fingerprints and smudges of a well loved kitchen. The gunmetal sink overlooks the garden, a perfect spot to bask in the sunlight whilst tackling the morning dishes. The dark brass tapware is rubbed golden at the handles from daily use.

The open pantry allows the little bit of functional chaos of family life to be tucked around the corner, leaving the spacious bench uncluttered. Appliances are housed in their cosy nook, with open shelves keeping pantry items in easy reach. The compost bin is recessed into the bench, with a pretty little custom timber lid. The handless laminate cabinetry with provides a robust, low maintenance surface; its subtle charcoal wood grain texture providing depth and character. The generous amount of drawers reduce the need for overhead cabinets (that are notoriously hard to reach) instead prioritising full-height windows bathing the counter in sunlight.

The organic browns of the Japanese tiles anchor the island bench to the cinnamon floor, the perfect scuffproof surface for kids perched on stools. The timber lining boards glow golden in this light drenched room, the warm variation in the wood creating highlights that complement the eggshell speckled splashback and ceilings painted in Dulux Grand Piano.

Layering and playing with levels helped us achieve the balance between privacy and connection. Early iterations had the living and dining closed of from each other, but an inspired suggestion by the clients was to open this up to the kitchen. This idea developed into one of our favourite features - the open shelving and record cabinet, a home for Sarah's beautiful objects and Ben's beloved records. 

Stepping down to the kitchen level, the hardwood framed doorway is a threshold from old to new. It seamlessly folds down to form the banquette seat. The unifying colours of the beautiful wool plaid echo the cinnamon of the floor and organic mid century tones terrazzo benchtops. Aside from being a cosy little nook to enjoy the morning sun, the built in seat is one of the many space-saving tricks we utilised to maintain a spacious feel to the house whilst keeping the footprint compact.

Dubbed the "love bubble" during lockdown this house was conceived over many zoom meetings during the pandemic and while welcoming a new baby Peggy May. Beside the dining is a study nook, a place for new bub Peggy to play while her parent's cook, a built-in seat with storage for toys. This clever joinery item pacts even more into a small space - keydrop, charging drawer, modem cupboard, corkboard and art display.

The bathroom, which was relocated to the original kitchen site adjacent the carport, could have been dim and cold. The bathroom is a series of stalls, and could practically be used by three people at once privately. Megan was inspired by campground shared bathrooms, where you have space to dress and a little seat in your “shower cubicle”, so the bath and shower are in their own room with large sandblasted pivot door, and the vanity and WC have their own spaces as well. Light is shared throughout the spaces by open/ glass tops to Timber clad walls and a heavenly slice of light from a long blade skylight that bridges the wet area spaces.

An old family pig’s- trotter foot bath, transported from the country to its new home became a central feature. The white interior and black exterior was inspired black and white ceramic basins which and dark chocolate brown antique brass tapware. The richness of timber lining boards and buttery Japanese tiled walls the space becomes divinley warm and is one of the clients favourite places in the house.

Gentle curves are echoed throughout the project. From the timber-lined island bench there is a layered view through to the hallway door with its semicircle window above. Beyond this, the custom security door can be seen, inspired by an art deco railing spied during a lockdown 5km stroll. In the family bathroom the Japanese tiles hug the curve of the terrazzo-topped seat. Upstairs the architect's lovely undulating curved screen conceals unwanted views whilst revealing beautiful sky and treetops.

The warm palette continues into the laundry. Nestled under the stairs there is a generous amount of linen storage. There is even room for a cosy dog bed fo Pam the beloved family dog who can come and go through her special dog door in the double glazed door. Natural drying is made easy even on the rainless winter’s day with a custom rail above the sink and a hanging drying rack.

This project was a dream collaboration where the Architect, Interior Designer, Client and builder all worked together to carve out a form and, together slowly honed each detail to create a whole.

WORDS BY NICOLA DOVEY- ARCHITECT:

Due to the way the site was set up, and because we wanted to keep the new extension to as small an efficient footprint as possible, we had a particular building envelope we needed to work to, to wedge in the upper level. This second level houses the parents’ bedroom, ensuite, study nook and window seat. There was also the opportunity to set up a small sunny balcony, just deep enough to create a sheltered space underneath and to help cocoon the edge of the bedroom, obscuring views of the neighbours backyard and to create a soft habitable edge for a chair and plants. The envelope we had to work with meant we needed to create a minimum height point a the top of the stairs, to offset this we took the ceiling line of the parents bedroom ceiling up over a lofty 3m. The views from the upper level are dramatic, spreading around from a sea of northern roof tops & chimneys out to the ranges over to the east. Generously sized windows set up in each of the upper level rooms really highlight Melbourne's geography. The sizeable window in the new ensuite gives an immediate view of the character laden moss covered original terracotta tiles and roof spinals. The clients were interested to know how the new might sit alongside the existing in a comfortable way. The existing was a red brick Victorian with a relaxed bungalow entrance and an Arts and Crafts timbered & stucco facade. These existing timbers had been painted in pale eucalyptus. We layered the old and new materially but setting up the new addition with a brick base. Brick is a robust building material, not needing maintenance and providing beneficial thermal mass. Here we sort a contrast between the existing deep red brick and a crisp clear white brick. The upper level was matched in robustness by metal standing seam cladding. The colour palette here extends the pale eucalypt colour in Colourbond Cove. Warm and character laden timbers in Blackbutt were used for the pergola and decking boards. In the spirit of interest and contrast, we incorporated a few playful curves, into the balcony screening, in the external timber bench seat running along the dining table window, that conveniently opens up to store toys and tools, and in the timber step leading down from the sunny living room. That so much amenity has been shoe horned into such a small (new build) footprint is quite extraordinary! The benefits of small footprint design is two fold, it saves on resources which saves clients in the build price but also allows the backyard to stay large, generous and abundant.

Sustainable features of the house:

  1. Drying racks in the laundry and fold down washing line reduce the need for power hungry dryer.

  2. 2x4000L slimeline water tanks pump back to laundry and toilet flushing

  3. Compost bin built in to kitchen bench top

  4. Repurposed existing sliding doors to cosy lounge. Re-used existing clawfoot bath. Re-used Sarah's grandfather's bakelite shed handle to hallway door.

  5. New windows timber-framed Argon-filled double-glazed windows.

  6. Replaced drafty original floors in the existing house with new floorboards, insulating underneath the floors throughout

  7. Adding wall and ceiling insulation throughout

  8. Healthy radiant hydronic heating.

  9. Living, dining and kitchen areas oriented to the north. Glazing to south and west minimised.

  10. The passive solar design includes fixed shading to the north for the summer sun.

  11. Passive ventilation includes security door to front door for night purging.

  12. Installed ceiling fans throughout.

  13. Lined curtains

  14. LOW VOC paints and timber sealants.

  15. Brass tapware and door hardware- no chrome. Locally manufactured.

  16. FSC certified engineered floorboards.

  17. Used low maintenance exterior colorbond cladding and brick to reduce maintenance.

Digital Feaures
Dwell - The Neighborhood Was Great. But the House Needed Help to Become a Family Home
The Design Files - A Sunny, Nostalgic Extension For A California Bungalow
The Local Project - Connected Warmth, CosyCo by Drawing Room Architecture and Brave New Eco
Hunter & Folk - CosyCo Coburg basks in sunlight, warmth and the timelessness of home

the heating conundrum by megan norgate

Hydronic heating is a benign system of heating - good for indoor air health

Hydronic heating is a benign system of heating - good for indoor air health

Any inquiry into the most sustainable options for home heating is fraught with confusion and conjecture.
It is a difficult choice for today's homeowners because we want to invest in a system that will last a couple of decades, yet the landscape is changing rapidly in terms of the efficiency of heating technologies plus the cost and environmental impacts of energy supply choices.

There are so many pros and cons to every type of heating that in the end you need to decide what pros are the highest priority for you and what cons you can’t live with.
The ATA published an article by Alan Pears (environmental consultant and one of Australia's leading energy efficiency experts) on heating choices in Renew magazine in which he states in the opening paragraph:

“Achieving winter comfort in a way that is affordable, effective and environmentally sound is tricky….advising people on this topic is difficult and frustrating. I still can’t find the ‘ideal’ answer”

And more recently the ATA published this study "Are we still cooking with Gas?", comparing various cost/ benefit scenarios for heating and cooking with gas vs electric over different regions in Australia and in various scenarios (new homes, existing homes, etc). The conclusions the report draws are varied dependant on factors such as existing infrastructure and local supply costs.  So if you are feeling confused - don’t worry. So are the experts.

Basically, the only type of heating that has the potential to be 100% renewable is electric. 
However a high initial investment in a stand alone, hybrid or grid connect PV system is likely to be needed to achieve that. Or paying a higher purchase price for 100% green power and incurring high costs in the short term, until renewable electricity prices fall.

At the other end of the spectrum the most benign system for indoor air health is hydronic style heating.
Radiant heating is the healthiest type of indoor heating and I would argue in most situations the most effective, (in terms of the occupants comfort). Currently electric radiant options (oil heaters, panel heaters) are vastly less efficient than gas ones, although some pioneer households are installing evacuated tube systems to partially run hydronic heating, however the effectiveness of this in various climate zones across australia is yet to be measured accurately.In the end you have to make a very personal decision based on what your priorities are, the way you use heating and live in your space and what the thermal capacity and limitations are of your home.
Here are a couple of ideas to consider about your space:

If one part of your home is newer and more thermally efficient, use space heating to heat this area and separate it from the rest of the home.
All heating will perform better with better sealing and insulation. Your money should always go there first. With good pump in options for cavity walls and numerous under floor and roof insulation system available, this should be the first thing you do in an uninsulated existing home, and can probably be achieved for around $12,000 for an average size home with reasonable access. It is very important the reputable experienced installers do this job, as badly installed insulation will have little benefit and can do damage to your building. That action alone will save you more on heating bills than anything else.
Any type of ducted heating or cooling creates large holes in your rooms thermal envelope, that will leak heat and cool air when not being used.

Although I adore the ambience of an open fire, I would forget about wood burning unless you have your own coppice forest, if you do then it is a great idea. If your going to burn wood, use a slow combustion burner combined with an inbuilt or overhead fan. Open fireplaces do an excellent job of heating the atmosphere and not much inside the home.

Every company out there will say their heating is the most efficient. It’s not true.

Below are some of the pros and cons of various heating types to use when deciding which is right for your particular living situation.

PROS: GAS HEATING AND COOKING
• Good options for radiant heat, which is more effective in open-plan spaces or draughty/ poorly insulated/ high ceilinged spaces.
• Radiant heating from hydronic or power-flued gas fireplaces is less aggravating to asthma or allergy sufferers as it does not circulate dust and indoor pollutants
• Gas is relatively cheap for the time being (this is not likely to last)
• Gas appliances are generally well tested technology with long lifetimes
• Balanced or power flued gas heater have zero interior emissions
• Heat shifting ducts can be used to move space heating to bedrooms of other parts of the building
• Gas cooking provides instant heat adjustments which is preferred by many cooks
• Radiant heating can provide a focal point in a room and create ambience
• Radiant heat can be stored by high mass objects in the room, meaning the heat is retained for longer after the heater is turned off.

CONS: GAS HEATING
• Gas is a polluting fuel source contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, especially when produced from coal seams
• Gas prices will increase in years to come, either to cover the cost of increased demand leading to increased infrastructure or from less demand from more people leaving the gas network.
• In new houses the cost of running gas through the building is high
• Connection to the gas network incurs fixed ongoing costs.
• Un-flued or chimney flued gas heaters are a safety hazard and release by-products of combustion into the room
• Gas heaters must be regularly serviced to ensure safety and optimum performance
• The ducting in ducted gas central heating is subject to massive heat losses and is prone to damage potentially wasting huge amounts of energy.

PROS: ELECTRIC HEATING AND COOKING
• Can be powered by 100% renewable sources, either from purchasing wind power or an onsite renewable energy source.
• Easily zoned and provides instantaneous heat, only the space in which it is needed
• If auxiliary cooling is required then the heating unit can provide this as well reduce up front costs
• If hot water, cooking and heating is electric then you can disconnect form the gas network and save on fixed charges
• The air filters in reverse cycle units can remove pollutants from the indoor air, increases the indoor air quality when cleaned regularly
• There are now floor console reverse cycle units that produce the heat where it is needed
• The potential to go off the grid and use battery back up to provide all of your electricity needs would mean avoiding ongoing fixed electricity provider costs.
• Induction cookers are efficient, quick to heat and cook and easy to clean

CONS ELECTRIC HEATING AND COOKING
• Reverse cycle heating efficiency drops off significantly in very cold weather
• Reverse cycle used significant loads of standby power keeping a 100W element warm constantly
• Radiant/ resistive electric heating is 3-6 times less efficient than reverse cycle, and only suitable for short bursts of heat such as in bathrooms
• The air filters in reverse cycle are often not cleaned regularly which leads to a drop off in efficiency and a decrease in indoor air quality
• The convective heat generated by reverse cycle can aggravate asthma and allergy conditions by moving dust around and drying out the indoor air.
• Connection to the electricity network incurs fixed ongoing costs
• Smart metering technology allows electricity to be charged at constantly fluctuating rates according to peak use-age, so it will potentially become the most expensive when heating and cooling needs are highest
• The up front cost of PV installation is high, and the feed in tariff is low so to offset your electricity usage financially a very high capacity system could be necessary.
• Solar PV production is at it lowest when usage is at its peak, and due do the difference between the purchase price for electricity and the buy back price you must generate more than what you use to offset your costs financially or have significant battery storage to cover the low periods.


In summary, one of the things I aim to do in my ESD consultations for households is help homeowners indentify what type of heating will be the most effective and efficient for their particular living situation. The reason third party advice is so beneficial is because it is independent of a sales objective, and further than that, a human to human assessment means I am able to factor in all the subtle observations about the way the home is used, the inhabitants future plans and personal preferences.